![]() ![]() ![]() The multicelluar haploid stage (the gametophyte) produces gametes via mitosis which fuse to form a diploid zygote. In the alternation of generations life cycle, illustrated below, there is a mature multicellular haploid stage and a mature mulitcellular diploid stage. Gametes are always haploid, and spores are usually haploid (spores are always haploid in the plant alternations of generations life cycle). Spore: a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion.Gamete: a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.This is very different from most types of animal reproduction where there is only one multicellular stage: a diploid organism which produces single-celled haploid gametes.īefore we revisit this life cycle, a reminder of some terms: These two stages are the multicellular, haploid gametophyte and the multicellular diploid sporophyte. Plants have two distinct multicellular stages in their life cycles, a phenomenon called alternation of generations (in contrast to the haplontic and diplontic life cycles). The text below is adapted from OpenStax Biology 32.1 Sexual reproduction in plants: Alternation of Generations Predict mechanisms of pollination based on flower characteristics and dispersal based on fruit characteristics.Explain the process and significance of seed maturation, dormancy, and germination.Explain the process, locations, and significance of angiosperm gametogenesis and fertilization, including double fertilization.Describe the structures and functions of the flower, seed, and fruit in the angiosperm life cycle.Compare and contrast the life cycles of angiosperms (flowering plants), gymnosperms (conifers), non-seed vascular plants (ferns), and nonvascular plants (mosses). ![]()
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